Indo-European etymology : Query result

Proto-IE: *sēike-

Meaning: to reach, to reach for

Tokharian: B sik- 'set foot' (Adams 691)

Old Greek: hī́kō, hikánō, hiknéomai̯, aor. hikésthai̯, hī̂kse, -on, pf. md. hī̂gmai̯ `kommen, gelangen, erreichen'; hḗkō `gekommen sein, angelagt sein, da sein'; híksi-s f. `Streckung, Richtung', híktōr, hiktḗr m., hikétǟ-s `Schutzflehender'; hikanó- `zureichend, genügend', prói̯k-s, gen. proi̯kós f. `Gabe, Geschenk', pro-íktǟ-s m. `Bettler', pro-íssomai̯ `um eine Gabe bitten, betteln'

Baltic: *seîk- (-ja-) vb. tr., *saik-in̂- vb.

Russ. meaning: тянуться, достигать

References: WP II 465 f

Proto-IE: *sēiw-, *sjēw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sew

Hittite: suel-, suil- n. 'Faden'; su(m)manza(n)- c. 'Strick' (Friedrich 196, 197)

Old Indian: sī́vyati, ptc. syūtá- `to sew'; syū́man- n. `band, thong, bridle', sevana- n. `act of sewing, suture', sū́tra- n. `thread, yarn, string', sūci-, sūcī́ f. `needle'

Old Greek: kassǘō, att. kattǘō `flicken, schustern', kattǘs f. `Stück Leder'

Slavic: *šī́tī, *šьjǭ; *šьvъ; *šī́dlo

Baltic: *sǖ̂- (*süw-a-) vb. tr. (1), *sǖ̂-l-a- c., *sǖ̃-l-ā̂, -iā̃ f. (1), *sǖ-men-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *siw-ja- vb., *siu-d-á- m., *sau-m-a- m., *siw-il-ō f.

Latin: suō, -ere, suī, sūtum `nähen, zusammennähen', sūtor, -ōris m. `Schuster', sūbula f. `Pfrieme, Ahle'

Russ. meaning: шить

References: WP II 514 f

Proto-IE: *sēk(')-

Meaning: slow, quiet

Old Greek: hom. [ē̂]ka `still, leise, sacht, schwach, langsam'; comp. hḗssōn, att. hḗttōn `schwächer, geringer', hē̂ssa, att. hē̂tta, gen -ǟs f. 'defeat, discomfilure'; akalá-rroo-, akala-rrẹ̄́tǟ-s `sanft fliessend ?', akalós = hēsükhós, malakós Hsch.; adv. ákaska, akaskā̂i̯ `sanft, ruhig', akéōn, -éọ̄sa `schweigend, stumm', adv. akǟ́n, akǟ̂ `id.'

Germanic: *sagg-ō- vb., *sakk-ō- vb.

Latin: sēgnis, -e `langsam, schläfrig, träge'

Russ. meaning: медленный, спокойный

References: WP II 474

Proto-IE: *sē̆l-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to calm, to quiet, to be favourable

Old Greek: hīláskomai̯, hī́lamai̯ (hHom. etc.), ipv. hī́lēthi (Hom.), hī́lathi, -te (Theok.), conj. hīlḗkēi̯si (Hom.), hīlḗkoi̯ (hHom.etc.), pf. ipv. aeol. éllathi (Gramm.), éllate (Kall.), heílēthi = híleōs gínou Hsch. ( `günstig, gnädig stimmen, versöhnen'); hilaró- `heiter, fröhlich', lakon. hī́lēwo-, kret., Hdt. ī́leo-, lakon. dat. hīlēwōi̯, att. hī́leō-, ion. ī́leō-, ep., lyr., ark. hī́lao-, aeol. íllao- `gnädig, gütig'

Germanic: *sēl-i- adj., *sēl-iōn- f., *sēl-iɵ-ō f.; *sōl-iz-

Latin: sōlārī `trösten, ermutigen, entschädigen, lindern', sōlāmen n. `Trostmitel'

Russ. meaning: успокаивать(ся), быть благоприятным, благосклонным

References: WP II 506 f

Proto-IE: *sēm-i-

Meaning: half-

Old Indian: sāmí `prematurely, incompletely, partially, half'

Old Greek: hēmi- `halb-'

Germanic: *sēm-i-

Latin: sēmi- `halb'

Russ. meaning: полу-

References: WP II 492

Proto-IE: *sēy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sift

Old Greek: ēthéō, aor. ptc. (Hp. ap. Gal.) ē̂sas `(durch)seihen, (durch)sieben', ēthmó-s (Inschr. hethmos) `Durchschlag, Sieb'; hi-maliá = tò epímetron tō̂n aleúrōn Hsch.

Slavic: *sī́to; *sḗjāti/*sḗti, *sējǭ; *sī́to

Baltic: *seî-t-a- c. (2), *sij-ā̂- vb.

Germanic: *sē-dl-a- n.

Celtic: *sītlo- > MIr sithlad `das Sieben'; Cymr hidl

Albanian: šoš `siebe'

Russ. meaning: просеивать

References: WP II 459 f

Comments: This root differs in Balto-Slavic accentologically from *sē- 'to sow'.

Proto-IE: *sēy-

Meaning: to sow, throw

Hittite: sai- (II) / sija- (I) 'festdrücken, einprägen' (Friedrich 175)

Tokharian: B ṣaiweñña 'seed?' (Adams 662); ? A säryām 'seed', A sāry- 'to plant', sārm 'seed' ( < *sō-r, cf. Lit. sṓra, Lett. sãra 'millet') (Adams 683)

Old Indian: sā́yaka- `intended or fitted to be discharged or hurled', m. `missile, arrow'; senā f. `missile, spear'; prá-sita- `darting along'

Old Greek: híēmi, 3 pl. hiā̂si, inf. hiénai, ft. hḗsō, aor, hē̂ka, héēka; híemai, aor. hēkámǟn inf. hénthai, ptc. pro-hémeno- 'release, let go, let fall; throw, hurl'; deverbative nouns: kath-etḗr Hipp.+, aph-ḗtōr Hom., hési-s f. (ksǘn- Hom.+), eph-etmǟ́ Hom.+, hesmó-s Aesch.+, sün-ḗmōn A.R., a-ḗmōn Aesch., hḗmōn Hom., Hsch., káth-eto-, ksǘn-eto-, áph-eto (Hdt., Aesch.+), hē̂ma Hom., en-etǟ́ Hom.+, eph-étǟ-s m. (Aesch.+), Salamīn-étǟ-s (Solon)

Slavic: *sētī/*sḗjātī, *sḗjǭ; *sḗmę̄; *sēja (> Sloven sę̂ja)

Baltic: *sē̂- (*sē̂-ja-) vb. tr. (1), *sē̂jā̂ (1) /*sē̃jā̂ f., *sē̂-tl-ā̂ f. (1), *sē̂-men-; *sē̂-l-en-ā̂ f., *sē̂-taw-ā̂ f. (1), *sē̂-n-Vl-ā̂ f. (1), *sa-j-u- adj.

Germanic: *sē-ja- vb., *sē-m-an- m., *sē-d-í- c., *sē-d-á- n.

Latin: serō, -ere, sēvī/seruī, satum `säen, pflanzen, hervorbringen, zeugen', satus, -a `gesät'; satiō f. `das Säen', sator, -ōris m. `Säer'; sēmen, -inis n. `Same; Geschlecht, Nachkomme', pl. Sēmōnēs `Saatgötter', Sēmōnia f. `Saatgöttin';

Other Italic: Paelign Semunu `Sēmōnum', Umbr semenies, sehmenier `*sēminiīs', sehmeniar, sehemeniar `sēminārium'

Celtic: *sat-; *sēlo- > OIr sīl `Same'; Cymr had `Same', hadu `säen', hil `Same, Nachkommenschaft', Corn has `Same', Bret had `Same'

Russ. meaning: сеять

References: WP II 459 f

Comments: The greek root may be related also with Lat iaciō (*yē-)

Proto-IE: *sēy-

Meaning: to go to, to reach, to stop

Old Indian: ava-,vi-syati, -a-sāt `to finish, terminate', áva-sita- `one who has settled down, dwells; ended, terminated', ava-sā́na- n. `stopping, residence; end'; sāyá- n. `evening', sāti- f. `end, destruction' (L.)

Avestan: hāiti- `Stück, Abschnitt', hāɵra- n. `bestimmter Zeitraum, Frist, ein Weg- und Zeitmass'

Old Greek: hḗsükho- `ruhig, still, langsam'

Slavic: *sī́lā

Baltic: *seî-l-ā̂ f., *sei-l-i- c.

Germanic: *sai-l-ia- vb.

Celtic: *sīn- > OIr sīnim `recke, strecke aus'

Russ. meaning: направляться, доставать

References: WP II 459 f

Proto-IE: *sēy-

Meaning: to linger

Baltic: *seĩ-n-ī̂- vb., *sei-n-iā̃ f., *sein-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *sī́-ɵ-u- adj., comp. *sī́-ɵ-iz=; *si-n-ē- vb., *sai-n-ia- vb., *sai-n=, *sai-m=, *si-m=, ? *sa-n-i- c.

Latin: sētius, -a `weniger', sērus, -a `spät'

Celtic: *sēr-, *sēis, *sit- > OIr sīr `langdauernd, ewig', comp. sīa, sup. sīam, MIr sith- `lang, andauernd', comp. sithithir `ebenso lang'; OCymr hit `Länge', Cymr hir `lang', comp. hwy, sup. hwyaf, hyd `Länge, Fortdauer, Weile; usque ad'; hes `Länge', Corn hir `lang', Bret hir `lang', hed, het m. `Länge'

Russ. meaning: медлить

References: WP II 459 f

Proto-IE: *silebhr-, *silubhr-

Meaning: silver

Slavic: *sьrebro, *sьreblo

Baltic: *sidabra- c., *sudabra- c., *sirabl-a- c.

Germanic: *silubr-a- n., *sul(u)br-a- n.

Russ. meaning: металл (серебро)

References: Fraenkel 780 f

Comments: Clearly a loanword, but the source is unclear.

Proto-IE: *sing'h-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: lion, leopard

Tokharian: A śiśäk, B ṣecake (PT *ṣēnśäke) 'lion' (Adams 660)

Old Indian: siṃhá- m. `lion'

Armenian: inǯ (u-St.) `Pardel, Leopard'

Russ. meaning: зверек (лев, леопард)

References: WP II 508

Comments: An arial word, dubious as a PIE form.

Proto-IE: *sīk-, -g-

Meaning: a k. of fish

Slavic: *sīgъ

Baltic: *sīk-a-, -ia- c., *sī̂k-ā̂ (1), -iā̃, *sī̂g-ā̂ (1) f.

Germanic: *sīk-a- m.

Russ. meaning: рыба (вид)

References: WP I 363

Proto-IE: *sīw-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: juice, water, reservoir

Baltic: *sī̂w-a- (1) c., *sīw-iā̃ f.

Germanic: *saiw-i- c.

Russ. meaning: имманентная влага

References: WP II 464

Proto-IE: *skabh-

Meaning: to scrape

Slavic: *skobljь, *skobljī́tī

Baltic: *skab-ī̂- vb., *skab- vb. intr., *skab-u-, *skb-r-[u]- adj., *skā̃b- (*skab-ja-) vb. tr.

Germanic: *skab-a- vb., *skab=, *skabb-a- n.

Latin: scabō, -ere, scābī `kratzen, reiben', scabiēs, -ēī f. `Kratzen, Schäbigkeit, Räude', scaber, -bra `rauh, krätzig, räudig'; scobis, -is f. `Schababfall, Feilstaub', scobīna `Feile, Raspel'

Russ. meaning: скрести, скоблить

References: WP II 559 f

Proto-IE: *(s)kAg'- (kh-)

Meaning: to shake, to stir

Old Indian: khajati `to churn, agitate', khája- m. `stirring, agitating, churning; churning-stick'

Germanic: *skak-a- vb.; *skak-a- n.; *skak-il-a- m.

Celtic: OIr cingim `gehen, schreiten'

Russ. meaning: трясти, размешивать

References: WP II 556 f

Proto-IE: *(s)kait-, -d-, -e-

Meaning: clear

Old Indian: ketú- m. `bright appearance, clearness, brightness'; citrá- `bright, clear, conspicuous'

Avestan: čiɵra- `augenfällig, klar'

Slavic: *čī́stъ(jь), *čī́stītī

Baltic: *skaîd-r-u- adj. (1), *skaîd-ī̂- vb. (2), *skeîd- (-ja-) vb. tr., *skī̂d-t-a- adj. (1/2), *skid-r-[a]- adj.

Germanic: *xaid-u- c., *xaid-a- adj., *xaid-r-a- adj., *xaid-a- n.

Latin: caesius `"glaukós" (von funkelnden, hellen Blick des grünlichblauen Augen)'; caelum, - ī n.`Himmel, Himmelswölbung; Luft, Klima'

Russ. meaning: ясный, незамутненный

References: WP II 537 f

Comments: Cf. *(s)k(ʷ)eit- (with obvious confusion in Ind.)

Proto-IE: *(s)kaiw-

Meaning: left

Old Greek: skai̯ó- `link, westlich'

Baltic: *kaĩ-r-a-, -u-, -ja-, -ia- adj., *kaĩ-r-iā̃ f.

Latin: scaevus, -a `link, ungünstig'

Russ. meaning: левый

References: WP II 537

Proto-IE: *(s)kAl-

Meaning: some skin desease

Old Indian: kaṇḍu-, kaṇḍū- f. `itching, itch'

Old Greek: kelephó- `aussätzig'

Germanic: *skal-ō f., *skal-m-ō(n-) f., *skil-m-ō(n-) f.

Russ. meaning: кожная болесть

References: WP II 590 f

Proto-IE: *skAl-

Meaning: rock, stone plate

Slavic: *skālā

Germanic: *skal-ō f.; *skull-ōn- f., -an- m.

Celtic: Ir scelec `Fels'

Russ. meaning: скала, каменная плита

References: WP II 590 f

Proto-IE: *(s)k(')al-

Meaning: testicle

Germanic: *skal=

Celtic: *kall= > Cymr caill, pl. ceilliau `Hode(n)', Bret kell `Hode(n)'

Russ. meaning: testiculus

References: WP II 590 f (differently in Pok.)

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